C H A P T E R 5

Models of Acquired

Immunity to Malaria: A

Review

Miracle Amadi*

LUT School of Engineering Science,

Lappeenranta University of Technology,

Lappeenranta, Finland

* corresponding author, e-mail: miracle.amadi@lut.fi

Heikki Haario

LUT School of Engineering Science,

Lappeenranta University of Technology,

Lappeenranta, Finland

Gerry Killeen

AXA Research Chair in Applied Pathogen Ecology

at the Environmental Research Institute and School of Biological,

Earth & Environmental Sciences,

University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

CONTENTS

5.1

Introduction ...............................................................

70

5.2

Complex factors of acquired immunity and their

modeling approaches ..

73

5.2.1

Misleading binary view on malaria immunity ......................

74

5.2.2

Functional immunity/clinical immunity ............................

78

5.2.3

Unfounded assumptions about what protective efficacy of immunity

constitutes .........................................................

79

5.2.3.1

Transmission-blocking immunity (TBI) ...............

79

5.2.3.2

Increase in recovery rate/Decrease in infection duration

80

5.2.4

Age and acquired immunity .......................................

81

5.2.5

Duration of acquired immunity to malaria ..........................

84

5.2.6

Malaria parasite variants ...........................................

86

5.2.7

Acquired variant-specific and variant-transcending immunity .......

88

5.2.8

Superinfection/ Reinfection and acquired immunity ................

90

5.2.9

Other factors influencing the acquisition of immunity ..............

91

5.2.9.1

Effect of intervention measures on immunity acquisition

and malaria prevalence ................................

91

DOI: 10.1201/9781003035992-5

69